Tech@Edu

Wheel & Tyre Assembly Wheel “The wheel assembly consists of the hub, disc or spokes, rim, tyre & tube.”  Wheels is the important part of the vehicle. The vehicle can’t move on the road without wheels. “The wheels are legs of the vehicle carry it to far off distance. The support of the whole weight of the vehicle & convert rotary motion into longitudinal one.” The wheel also resists side force created by turning also absorb the road shocks. Essential  Requirement of Wheel In an automobile essential requirement of wheels are as follows–  1. Strong enough to take the weight of vehicle.  2. Flexible to absorb the road shocks.  3. Perfectly balanced statically as well as dynamically.  4. Able to grip the road surface.  5. Mounted or remove easily.  6. Not too expensive.  7. Lightest possible so that the unsprang weight is least. Classification of Wheel The automobile wheels are generally three types:-  (i) Pressed steel di...

Anti Lock Braking System “Anti-lock Braking System also known as anti-skid braking system (ABS) is an automobile safety system which prevents the locking of wheels during braking and avoid uncontrolled skidding.”  The modern abs system allows steering during braking which gives more control over the vehicle in case of sudden braking. The main advantages of using ABS system in vehicle is that it provides better control over the vehicle and decreases stopping distance on dry and slippery surfaces. Components of ABS It has four main components  1. speed sensors  2. Valves  3. Pump  4. Controller  1. Speed Sensors-  It is used to calculate the acceleration and deceleration of the wheel. It consists of a toothed wheel and an electromagnetic coil or a magnet and a Hall Effect sensor to generate signal. When the wheel or differentials of the vehicle rotates, it induces magnetic field around the sensor. The fluctuation in this magnetic field generates volta...

Electronic Brake Force Distribution “Electronic brake force distribution (EBD or EBFD) or electronic brake force limitation (EBL) is an automobile brake technology that automatically varies the amount of force applied to each of a vehicle's wheels, based on road conditions, speed, loading, etc. always coupled with anti-lock braking systems (ABS).”  EBD can apply more or less braking pressure to each wheel in order to maximize stopping power whilst maintaining vehicular control. Components of EBD 1. Speed Sensor:  The speed sensor not only calculates the speed of the car, but the speed of the engine also (RPM). One of the scenarios can be that the speed of the wheel might not be the same as the speed of the car. Such a situation can lead to the wheel(s) skidding. The speed sensors calculate the slip ratio and relay it to ECU. 2. Electronic Control Unit:  It is a small chip which collects the data from the speed sensors in each wheel and uses the data to calculate the slip...

Braking System “ Braking system is an arrangement of various linkages and components (brake lines or mechanical linkages, brake drum or brake disc , master cylinder or fulcrums etc.) that are arranged in such a fashion that it converts the vehicle’s kinetic energy into the heat energy which in turn stops or de accelerate the vehicle.” The conversion of kinetic energy into heat energy is a function of frictional force generated by the frictional contact between brake shoes and moving drum or disc of a braking system. Need of Braking System In an automobile vehicle braking system is needed – 1. To stop the moving vehicle. 2. To de accelerate the moving vehicle. 3. For stable parking of a vehicle either on a flat surface or on a slope. 4. As a precaution for accidents. 5. To prevent the vehicle from any damage due to road conditions. Classification of Braking System 1. On the Basis of Power Source (i) Mechanical braking system (ii) Hydraulic braking system (iii) Air or pn...