Vehicle Body

June 09, 2020

Body

"Body is nothing but the 'face structure' of the automobile. Body is only aspect to provide ergonomics feature in any automobile."

It consist of doors, windows, side panels, fenders, front & rear bumpers, grille, pillar etc. A body sometimes referred to as "coachwork". The body is that part where passengers have occupies their seats or the luggage and other placed cargo to be carried.

Body is built on the chassis to complete the vehicle. Chassis & body makes the complete automobile vehicle. For small & light car, body & chassis are made as a single unit but in large vehicles both are made as a single unit.

Generally body surface is made from metal or fiber. The body is usually made from a large number of steel pressings which are welded together. The body is bolted to the chassis at numerous points. The rubber or felt-strips being interposed to damp-down (reduce) the vibrations and noise.

Main purpose of the body is to provide safety, comfort, protection & pleasant environment for all the passengers & also the good look.

Requirements of Body

1. The body should be light.

2. It should have minimum number of components.

3. It should provide sufficient space for passengers and luggage.

4. It should withstand vibrations while in motion.

5. It should offer minimum resistance to air.

6. It should be cheap and easy in manufacturing.

7. It should be attractive in shape and color.

8. It should have uniformly distributed load.

9. It should have long fatigue life.

Classification of Body

1. According to major groups

(a) Passenger Body

(b) Commercial body

2. According to Chassis design

(a) Conventional Type

(b) Integral Type

(c) Semi- Integral Type

3. According to class of vehicle

(a) Light vehicle Bodies – cars, jeeps

(b) Heavy vehicle Bodies – Busses, Lorries

(c) Medium vehicle Bodies – Vans, Matadors

4. According to requirement/as per application of the vehicle

(a) Car body

(b) Straight truck or Punjab truck body

(c) Truck with half body

(d) Platform type truck body

(e) Tractor body

(f) Tanker body

(g) Bus body or coach work

(h) Dumper truck body

(i) Delivery van body

(j) Station wagon body

(k) Pick up van body

(l) Jeep body

(m) Long wheel base truck body

(n) Tractor with articulated trailer etc.

1. According to major groups

(a) Passenger Body

Passenger body of vehicle are those body only used for transport of passengers. Example - Cars, Buses etc.

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(b) Commercial body

A commercial motor vehicle (CMV) body is any vehicle used to transport goods or passengers for the profit of an individual or business. Example - Cars, Buses, trucks etc.

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2. According to Chassis design

(a) Conventional Type

(b) Integral Type

(c) Semi- Integral Type

(a) Conventional Type

In this type of chassis engine is fitted in front of the driver cabin or driver seat such as in cars & previous models of Tata trucks. The driver seat behind the engine & such as he can’t see the road just in front of front treys. This type of chassis can’t be utilized for carrying passengers & goods.

(b) Integral Type

In the integral or fully integral body shell, the longitudinal and cross members of the chassis were incorporated into the framework of the load carrying body. With this arrangement, part of the load previously carried by chassis, is diffused through the body structure. This aspect eliminates heavy chassis members that ought to carry the full bending load. In the integral construction, the body must be provided with extensions at the front and reinforcements at the rear.