LIQUID PROPELLANT FEED SYSTEM

 LIQUID PROPELLANT FEED SYSTEM

There are two types of liquid feed system. They are :
(1) Gas pressure feed system
(2) Pump feed system

1. GAS PRESSURE FEED SYSTEM

In the gas pressure feed system an inert gas (Helium or Nitrogen) is stored in a tank at high pressure and it is passed into pressure-regulator valves. This high pressure inert gas from the regulator is used to force the propellants (Fuel and Oxidizer). The propellants under high pressure are forced to flow into the combustion chamber through control valves. Several regulating and check valves are used for filling, draining and checking the flow of propellants. Moving parts such as pumps and turbines are not used. Therefore, this system is considerably simpler. The pressurization of the propellant tank is comparatively much heavier. So, this system is not suitable for large rocket engines and long range missions.
2. TURBO PUMP FEED SYSTEM

In this system, liquid fuel and the liquid oxidizer are stored in a separate tank at low pressure. Liquid fuel and liquid oxidizer are forced into the combustion Chamber at high pressure by the fuel and oxidizer pumps. Gas turbine is used to operate the fuel and oxidizer pumps. Liquid hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from the tank is decomposed by a catalyst such as calcium or sodium permanganate. Due to this, steam and oxygen are generated. This steam is used to drive the turbine. Because of the third liquid, the gas turbine, the pumps and additional lines are necessary. So the pump pressurization system is considerably more complex than gas pressurization system. Design of pump is a greatest problem that will handle the liquids safely and without leaks.

Print Friendly and PDF

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Centrifugal Pump

Image
Centrifugal Pump "Centrifugal pump  is a hydraulic machine which converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy (i.e. pressure energy) by the use of centrifugal force acting on the fluid. " A centrifugal pump is the simplest machine which is used in various industries as well as in many daily applications to transfer fluid from lower head to higher head.  Centrifugal pumps are mostly used in chemical industries for easily transfer viscous fluids.   Also, it is less expensive than other pumping devices. In short, it is an excellent machine with efficient working in variety of applications. History of Centrifugal Pump- 1475- Italian engineer Francesco di Giorgio Martini designated mud lifting machine as a centrifugal pump. 1687- Denis Papin developed the first true  centrifugal pump  which was one with straight vanes that was used for drainage.  1851- John Appold, who was a British inventor, developed the first ...
Read more

Vapour Compression Refrigeration System

Image
Vapour Compression Refrigeration System Vapour-compression refrigeration  or  vapor-compression refrigeration system  ( VCRS )  in which the  refrigerant  undergoes  phase changes , is one of the many  refrigeration cycles  and is the most widely used method for  air-conditioning  of buildings and automobiles. Vapor-compression uses a circulating liquid  refrigerant  as the medium which absorbs and removes heat from the space to be cooled and subsequently rejects that heat elsewhere. History:- 1805- The American inventor  Oliver Evans  described a closed vapor-compression refrigeration cycle for the production of ice by ether under vacuum. 1834-   American Great Britain,  Jacob Perkins , built the first working vapor-compression refrigeration system in the world. 1842-  American physician,  John Gorrie  who built a working prototype, but it was a commercial failu...
Read more

TURBOFAN ENGINE

Image
TURBOFAN ENGINE The turbofan engine is a combination of the turbo prop and the turbojet engines combining the advantages of both. The turbofan or fanjet is a type of airbreathing jet engine that is widely used in aircraft propulsion. The word "turbofan" is a portmanteau of "turbine" and "fan": the turbo portion refers to a gas turbine engine which achieves mechanical energy from combustion, and the fan, a ducted fan that uses the mechanical energy from the gas turbine to accelerate air rearwards. Thus, whereas all the air taken in by a turbojet passes through the combustion chamber and turbines, in a turbofan some of that air bypasses these components.  In the 1950s, Rolls-Royce introduced the first turbofan in the world, namely, RB.80 Conway. Classification 1. According to Fan Location (a) Forward Fan Turbofan Engine (b) AFT Fan Turbofan Engine 2. According to Spools (a) Single Spool Turbofan Engine (b) Double Spool Turbofan Engine (c) Triple Spool Turb...
Read more